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october 2010 doc id 1460 rev 4 1/16 16 tda2040 20-watt hi-fi audio power amplifier features ? wide supply voltage range, up to 40 v ? single or split supply operation ? short-circuit protection to ground ? thermal shutdown description the tda2040 is a monolithic integrated circuit in pentawatt ? package, intended for use as an audio class ab amplifier. typically, it provides 22 w output power into 4 ? with thd = 0.5% at vs = 32 v. the tda2040 provides high output current and has very low harmonic and crossover distortion. furthermore, the device incorporates a patented short circuit protection system comprising an arrangement for automatically limiting the dissipated power so as to keep the working point of the output transistors within their safe operating area. a thermal shut-down system is also included. figure 1. tda2040 test circuit table 1. device summary order code package TDA2040V pentawatt v (vertical) pentawatt v www.st.com
pin connections tda2040 2/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 1 pin connections figure 2. schematic diagram figure 3. pin connections
tda2040 electrical specifications doc id 1460 rev 4 3/16 2 electrical specifications 2.1 absolute maximum ratings 2.2 thermal data 2.3 electrical characteristics the specifications given here were obtained with the conditions v s = 16 v, t amb = 25 c unless otherwise specified. . table 2. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter value unit vs supply voltage 20 v vi input voltage vs vi differential input voltage 15 v io output peak current (internally limited) 4 a p tot power dissipation at tcase = 75 c 25 w t stg , t j storage and junction temperature -40 to 150 c v esd_hbm esd maximum withstanding voltage range, test condition cdf-aec-q 100-002- ?human body model? 1500 v table 3. thermal data symbol parameter min typ max unit r th_j-case thermal resistance junc tion to case - - 3 c/w table 4. electrical characteristics symbol parameter test conditions min typ max unit v s supply voltage - 4.5 - 20 v i d quiescent drain current v s = 4.5 v v s = 20 v - - 45 30 100 ma ma i b input bias current v s = 20 v - 0.3 1 a v os input offset voltage v s = 20 v - 2 20 mv i os input offset current - - 200 na
electrical specifications tda2040 4/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 p o output power d = 0.5%, f = 1 khz, t amb = 60 c r l = 4 ? r l = 8 ? 20 - 22 12 - - w d = 0.5%, f = 15 khz; t amb = 60 c r l = 4 ? 15 18 - bw power bandwidth p o = 1 w, r l = 4 ? - 100 - hz g vol voltage gain (open loop) f = 1 khz - 80 - db g v voltage gain (closed loop) f = 1 khz 29.5 30 30.5 db d total harmonic distortion p o = 0.1 to 10 w, r l = 4 ? , f = 40 to 15000 hz -0.08-% p o = 0.1 to 10 w, r l = 4 ? , f = 1 khz -0.03-% e n input noise voltage b = curve a b = 22 hz to 22 khz - - 2 3 - 10 v i n input noise current b = curve a b = 22 hz to 22 khz - - 50 80 - 200 pa r i input resistance (pin 1) - 0.5 5 - m ? svrr supply voltage rejection ratio g v = 30 db, r l = 4 ? , r g = 22 k ? , f = 100 hz v ripple = 0.5 v rms 40 50 - db h efficiency f = 1 khz p o = 12 w, r l = 8 ? p o = 22 w, r l = 4 ? - - 66 63 - - % t j thermal shutdown junction temperature ---145 c table 4. electrical characteristics (continued) symbol parameter test conditions min typ max unit
tda2040 electrical specifications doc id 1460 rev 4 5/16 2.4 characterizations figure 4. output power vs supply voltage figure 5. output power vs supply voltage figure 6. output power vs supply voltage figure 7. distortion vs frequency figure 8. svrr vs frequency figure 9. svrr vs voltage gain
electrical specifications tda2040 6/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 figure 10. quiescent drain current vs supply voltage figure 11. open loop gain vs frequency figure 12. power dissipation vs output power
tda2040 applications doc id 1460 rev 4 7/16 3 applications 3.1 circuits and pcb layouts figure 13. amplifier with split power supply figure 14. pcb and components layout for the circuit of figure 13
applications tda2040 8/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 figure 15. amplifier with single power supply figure 16. pcb and components layout for the circuit of figure 15 note : in this case of highly inductive loads protection diodes may be necessary.
tda2040 applications doc id 1460 rev 4 9/16 figure 17. 30-watt bridge amplifier with split power supply figure 18. pcb and components layout for the circuit of figure 17
applications tda2040 10/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 figure 19. two-way hi-fi system with active crossover figure 20. pcb and components layout for the circuit of figure 19
tda2040 applications doc id 1460 rev 4 11/16 3.2 multiway speaker systems and active boxes multiway loudspeaker systems provide the best possible acoustic performance since each loudspeaker is specially designed and optimized to handle a limited range of frequencies. commonly, these loudspeaker systems divide the audio spectrum into two, three or four bands. to maintain a flat frequency response over the hi-fi audio range the bands covered by each loudspeaker must overlap slightly. any imbalance between the loudspeakers produces unacceptable results, therefore, it is important to ensure that each unit generates the correct amount of acoustic energy for its segment of the audio spectrum. in this respect it is also important to know the energy distribution of the music spectrum (see figure 22) in order to determine the cut-off frequencies of the crossover filters. as an example, a 100-w three-way system with crossover frequencies of 400 hz and 3 khz would require 50 w for the woofer, 35 w for the midrange unit and 15 w for the tweeter. both active and passive filters can be used for crossovers but today active filters cost significantly less than a good passive filter us ing air-cored inductors and non-electrolytic capacitors. in addition, active filters do not suffer from the typical defects of passive filters: z power loss z increased impedance seen by the loudspeaker (lower damping) z difficulty of precise design due to variable loudspeaker impedance obviously, active crossovers can only be used if a power amplifier is provided for each drive unit. this makes it particularly interesting and economically sound to use monolithic power amplifiers. in some applications, complex filters are not really necessary and simple rc low-pass and high-pass networks (6 db/octave) can be recommended. the results obtained are excellent because this is the best type of audio filter and the only one free from phase and transient distortion. the rather poor out of band attenuation of single rc filters means that the loudspeaker must operate linearly well beyond the crossover frequency to avoid distortion. figure 21. frequency response figure 22. power distribution vs frequency
applications tda2040 12/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 figure 23. active power filter a more effective solution, named "active power filter" by stmicroelectronics, is shown in figure 23 . the proposed circuit can be realized by combined power amplifiers and 12-db/octave or 18-db/octave high-pass or low-pass filters. the component values calculated for fc = 900hz using a bessel 3rd order sallen and key structure are: c1 = c2 = c3 = 22 nf r1 = 8.2 k ? r2 = 5.6 k ? r3 = 33 k ? in the block diagram of figure 24 is represen ted an active loudspeaker system completely realized using power integrated circuit, rather than the traditional discrete transistors on hybrids, very high quality is obtained by driving the audio spectrum into three bands using active crossovers (tda2320a) and a separate amplifier and loudspeakers for each band. a modern subwoofer/midrange/tweeter solution is used. figure 24. high-power active loudspeaker system using tda2030a and tda2040
tda2040 applications doc id 1460 rev 4 13/16 3.3 pratical consideration 3.3.1 printed circuit board the layout shown in figure 14 should be adopted by the designers. if different layouts are used, the ground points of input 1 and input 2 must be well decoupled from the ground return of the output in which a high current flows. 3.3.2 assembly suggestion no electrical isolation is needed between the package and the heatsink with single supply voltage configuration. 3.3.3 application suggestions the recommended values of the components are those shown on application circuit of figure 13 . however, if different values are chosen then the following table can be helpful. table 5. variations from recommended values component recommended value purpose larger than recommended value smaller than recommended value r1 22 k ? non-inverting input biasing increase in input impedance decrease in input impedance r2 680 ? closed-loop gain setting decrease in gain (1) 1. the value of closed loop gain must be higher than 24 db increase in gain r3 22 k ? closed-loop gain setting increase in gain decrease in gain (1) r4 4.7 ? frequency stability danger of oscillation at high frequencies with inductive loads - c1 1 f input dc decoupling - increase in low-frequency cut-off c2 22 f inverting dc decoupling - increase in low-frequency cut-off c3, c4 0.1 f supply voltage bypass - danger of oscillation c5, c6 220 f supply voltage bypass - danger of oscillation c7 0.1 f frequency stability - danger of oscillation
package mechanical data tda2040 14/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 4 package mechanical data figure 25. pentawatt v outline drawing in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in different grades of ecopack ? packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ecopack ? specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ecopack ? is an st trademark. outline and mechanical data dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 4.80 0.188 c 1.37 0.054 d 2.40 2.80 0.094 0.11 d1 1.20 1.35 0.047 0.053 e 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.022 e1 0.76 1.19 0.030 0.047 f 0.80 1.05 0.031 0.041 f1 1.00 1.40 0.039 0.055 g 3.20 3.40 3.60 0.126 0.134 0.142 g1 6.60 6.80 7.00 0.260 0.267 0.275 h2 10.40 0.41 h3 10.05 10.40 0.395 0.409 l 17.55 17.85 18.15 0.691 0.703 0.715 l1 15.55 15.75 15.95 0.612 0.620 0.628 l2 21.2 21.4 21.6 0.831 0.843 0.850 l3 22.3 22.5 22.7 0.878 0.886 0.894 l4 1.29 0.051 l5 2.60 3.00 0.102 0.118 l6 15.10 15.80 0.594 0.622 l7 6.00 6.60 0.236 0.260 l9 2.10 2.70 0.083 0.106 l10 4.30 4.80 0.170 0.189 m 4.23 4.5 4.75 0.167 0.178 0.187 m1 3.75 4.0 4.25 0.148 0.157 0.187 v4 40? (typ.) v5 90? (typ.) dia 3.65 3.85 0.143 0.151 pentawatt v 0015981 f l l1 a c l5 d1 l2 l3 e m1 m d h3 dia. l7 l9 l10 l6 f1 h2 f gg1 e1 f e v4 resin between leads h2 v5 v4 pentvme l4 weight: 2.00gr
tda2040 revision history doc id 1460 rev 4 15/16 5 revision history table 6. document revision history date revision changes apr-2003 3 changes not recorded 28-oct-2010 4 added features list on page 1 updated minimum supply voltage to 4.5 v in table 4 on page 3 corrected the title of figure 15 on page 8 updated presentation
tda2040 16/16 doc id 1460 rev 4 please read carefully: information in this document is provided solely in connection with st products. stmicroelectronics nv and its subsidiaries (?st ?) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described he rein at any time, without notice. all st products are sold pursuant to st?s terms and conditions of sale. purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the st products and services described herein, and st as sumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the st products and services described herein. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. i f any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by st for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoev er of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. unless otherwise set forth in st?s terms and conditions of sale st disclaims any express or implied warranty with respect to the use and/or sale of st products including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a parti cular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction), or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. unless expressly approved in writing by an authorized st representative, st products are not recommended, authorized or warranted for use in milita ry, air craft, space, life saving, or life sustaining applications, nor in products or systems where failure or malfunction may result in personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage. st products which are not specified as "automotive grade" may only be used in automotive applications at user?s own risk. resale of st products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by st for the st product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoev er, any liability of st. st and the st logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of st in various countries. information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics. all other names are the property of their respective owners. ? 2010 stmicroelectronics - all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - belgium - brazil - canada - china - czech republic - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - ital y - japan - malaysia - malta - morocco - philippines - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states of america www.st.com

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